Perramus. Journal of Semiotic Studies on Graphic and Visual Media is committed to preserving the integrity of the scholarly record and to correcting significant errors in published works.

1. Corrections

When errors are identified that do not invalidate the main conclusions of an article, the journal may publish:

• An Erratum, to correct formal or typographical errors;

• A Corrigendum, when substantive elements (data, citations, references, interpretations) require amendment but the overall validity of the work remains intact.

Corrections will be clearly identified, linked to the original article, and assigned a DOI when appropriate.

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2. Expressions of Concern

If credible concerns arise regarding the integrity of a publication and further investigation is required, the journal may issue an Expression of Concern to inform the academic community while the matter is under review.

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3. Retractions

An article may be retracted if any of the following are established:

• Fabrication or falsification of data or sources;

• Substantial plagiarism or improper use of copyrighted material;

• Misleading manipulation of images or visual documents;

• Serious errors that invalidate the article’s conclusions;

• Significant breaches of publication ethics.

In the event of retraction:

• The article will not be removed from the website;

• It will remain accessible as part of the scholarly record;

• It will be clearly marked as “Retracted”;

• A transparent explanatory notice will be published.

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4. Procedure

Decisions regarding corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions will be made by the editorial team after evaluating the available evidence and, where appropriate, requesting clarification from the parties involved.

The journal acts in accordance with the principles of proportionality, transparency, and academic integrity, following the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).